| Adamawa State | |
|---|---|
| — State — | |
| Nickname(s): Land of Beauty | |
| Location in Nigeria | |
| Coordinates: | |
| Country | Nigeria |
| Capital | Yola |
| LGAs | |
| Established | 27 August 1991 |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Murtala Hammanyero Nyako (PDP) |
| • Senators | Jibril Mohammed Aminu, Mohammed Mana, Grace Bent |
| • National Assembly delegates | List |
| Area | |
| • Total | 36,917 km2 (14,253.7 sq mi) |
| Population (2005) | |
| • Total | 3,737,223 |
| Time zone | GMT (UTC+0) |
| Geocode | NG-AD |
| GDP (2007) | $4.58 billion[1] |
| GDP Per Capita | $1,417[1] |
| Official language | |
| www.adamawa.gov.ng | |
Adamawa is a state in northeastern Nigeria, with its capital at Yola. It was formed in 1991 from part of Gongola State with four administrative divisions namely: Adamawa, Ganye, Mubi and Numan. It is one of the thirty-six (36) States which constitute the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
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Adamawa is one of the largest states of Nigeria and occupies about 36,917 square kilometres. It is bordered by the states of Borno to the northwest, Gombe to the west and Taraba to the southwest. Its eastern border also forms the national eastern border with Cameroon. Topographically, it is a mountainous land crossed by the large river valleys - Benue, Gongola and Yedsarem. The valleys of Cameroon, Mandara and Adamawa mountains form part of the landscape.
The major occupation of the people is farming as reflected in their two notable vegetational zones, tile Sub-Sudan and Northern Guinea Savannah Zone. Their cash crops are cotton and groundnuts while food crops include maize, yam, cassava, guinea corn, millet and rice. The village communities living on the banks of the rivers engage in fishing while the Fulanis are cattle rearers. The state has network of roads linking all parts of the country.
The development of many communities in the State can be traced to the colonial era when the Germans ruled the Ganye area in the 19th century. These were however forfeited to the British at the end of the scramble for Africa at the Berlin Conference.
Emirate of Adamawa
Before it became a state in Nigeria Adamawa was a subordinate kingdom of the Sultanate of Sokoto which also included much of northern Cameroon. The rulers bear the title of Emir (Lamido in the local language, Fulfulde). The name "Adamawa" came from the founder of the kingdom, Modibbo Adama, a regional leader of the Fulani Jihad organized by Usumaanu dan Fodio of Sokoto in 1804.
Modibbo Adama came from the region of Gurin (now just a small village) and in 1806 received a green flag for leading the jihad in his native country. In the following years Adama conquered many lands and tribes. In 1838 he moved his capital to Ribadu, and in 1839 to Joboliwo. In 1841 he founded Yola where he died in 1848. After the European colonization (first by Germany and then by Britain) the rulers remained as Emirs, and the line of succession has continued to the present day.
Emirs of Yola have included:
There are twenty-one local government areas (LGAs):
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